Structures of NIS Synthetases
Having spent much time on the NRPSs and NRPS produced siderophores, we find ourselves increasingly interested in the NRPS-independent siderophores, or NISs. In particular, a distinct family of adenylating enzymes are involved in the production of many citrate, succinate, or 2-ketoglutarate dependent siderophores. This is a list of crystal structures of NIS synthetases that have been crystallized and structurally characterized.
Updated July 2022. Currently 23 structures of 10 different proteins.
Protein |
Siderophore |
Organism |
NIS Class |
PDBs and ligands or mutant structure |
---|---|---|---|---|
AcsD | Achromobactin | Pectobacterium chrysanthemi | Type A | 3FFE, unliganded; 2W04, citrate; 2W02, ATP; 2W03, adenosine, citrate, + SO4; 2X3J, citrylethylenediamine + ATP; 2X3K, AMP. |
AlcC | Alcaligin | Bordatella bronchiseptica | Type C, iterative | 2X0O, unliganded; 2X0Q, ATP; 2X0P, Adenosine. |
AsbB | Petrobactin | Bacillus antracis | Type C, modular |
3TO3, ADP. |
IucA | Aerobactin | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Type A | 5JM7, unliganded; 5JM8, ATP. |
DfoC | Desferrioxamine | Erwinia amylovora | Type C, iterative | 5O7O, unliganded, fused to succinyl transferase domain. |
IucC | Aerobactin | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Type C, modular | 6CN7, unliganded. |
DesD | Desferrioxamine | Streptomyces coelicolor | Type C, iterative | 6NL2, unliganded; 6P63, AMP; 6XRC, R306Q mutant. |
SbnC | Staphyloferrin B | Staphylococcus aureus | Type B | 7CBB, AMP. |
DesD | Desferrioximine/Ferrimycin | Streptomyces griseoflavus | Type C, iterative | 7TGJ, unliganded; 7TGK, 2Mg•ATP; 7TGL, 2Mg•AMP•PPi; 7TGM, Mg•HSC-AMS•Pi. |
DesD | Desferrioximine/Salmycin | Streptomyces violaceus | Type C, iterative | 7TGN, unliganded. |
Some of the structures were determined in our lab, while others have been determined by other crystallographers throughout the world. References to publications are available at the links at the Protein Data Bank.
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