The Historical Range of Trumpeter Swans
Working Bibliography Compiled to July 14, 2002

(Asterisks indicate missing information or documents not yet located.)

Alcorn, Gordon D. 1968. A Winter Record of the Trumpeter Swan in Western Washington. Condor 70:185.

Alison, R. M. 1974. Some previously unpublished historical records of Trumpeter Swan in Ontario. The Canadian Field Naturalist 89:311-313.

Allen, Elsa Guerdrum. 1951. The History of American Ornithology before Audubon. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 41 Part 3:385-591.

Amadon, D. 2001. Personal communication to Gerry Rising.

Anderson, R. M. 1907. The Birds of Iowa. Edited by I. A. Davenport, Proceedings of the Davenport Academy of Sciences, 1910. Iowa.

Ashe, T. 1809. *Travels in America, performed in the year 1806, for the purpose of exploring the rivers Allegheny, Monongahela, Ohio, and Mississippi, and ascertaining the produce and condition of their banks and vicinity. London: Richard Phillips.

Audubon, J. J. 1831-1839. Trumpeter Swan. In Ornithological biography, or An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of America; accompanied by descriptions of the objects represented in the work entitled The birds of America, and interspersed with delineations of American scenery and manners. Edinburgh: Adam & Charles Black.

———. 1840. The Birds of America.

———. 1926. Delineations of American Scenery and Character. New York: G. A. Baker & Company.

———. 1929. Journal of John James Audubon made while obtaining subscriptions to his "Birds of America" 1840-1843. Cambridge, MA: The Business Historical Society.

———. 1930. *Letters of John James Audubon, 1826-1840. Edited by H. Corning. Cambridge, MA: The Club of Odd Volumes.

Back, G., and J. Richardson. 1836. Trumpeter Swan (Cygnus buccinator). In Narrative of the Arctic Land Expedition to the Mouth of the Great Fish River, and along the Shores of the Arctic Ocean, in the Years 1833, 1834, and 1835. Paris.

Baird, Spencer F., Thomas M. Brewer, and Robert Ridgway. 1884. Olor buccinator The Trumpeter Swan. In The Water Birds of North America. Boston, MA: Little, Brown & Co.

Banko, W. E., and R. H. Mackay. 1964. *Our Native Swans. In Waterfowl Tomorrow, edited by J. P. Linduska. Washington, D.C.: U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

Banko, W. E., R. S. Palmer, and A. W. Schorger. 1976. Trumpeter swan, Cygnus buccinator Richardson. In Handbook of North American Birds: Waterfowl (Part 1), edited by R. S. Palmer. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

Banko, Winston E. 1960. The Trumpeter Swan: Its history, habits and population in the United States. In North American Fauna No. 63. Washington, D.C.: U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

Barotnek, J. C. 1984. *Policies of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service regarding Trumpeter and Tundra Swans. Edited by D. Compton: The Trumpeter Swan Society.

Barrows, W. B. 1912. 65. Trumpeter Swan. Olor buccinator (Rich.) (181). In Michigan Bird Life. Lansing, MI: Michigan Agricultural College.

Bartram, W. 1791. The Travels of William Bartram. Edited by M. V. Doren. New York, NY: Macy-Massius.

Beardslee, C. S., and H. D. Mitchell. 1965. Birds of the Niagara Frontier Region: An Annotated Check-List. In Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences. Buffalo, NY: Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences.

Bellrose, Frank C. 1942. Trumpeter Swan Cygnus buccinator. In Ducks, Geese, and Swans of North America. Harrisburg, PA: Stackpole Books.

Bent, A. C. 1925. Trumpeter Swan, Cygnus buccinator Richardson. In Life Histories of North American Wild Fowl, edited by A. C. Bent. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution.

Bergtold, W. H. 1889. A List of the Birds of Buffalo and Vicinity. Bulletin of the Buffalo Naturalists' Field Club of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences 1 (7):1-2.

Beyer, G. E., A. Allison, and H. H. Kupman. 1907. List of the Birds of Louisana. The Auk 24:314-321.

Black, S. 1824. Black's Rocky Mountain Journal 1824: June 7 and August 24. In Black's Rocky Mountain Journal 1824. London: The Hudson's Bay Record Society.

Bohlen, H. D. 1989. Trumpeter Swan Cygnus buccinator. In The Birds of Illinois. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.

Bonaparte, C. L. J. L. 1825-1833. *American Ornithology; or, the natural history of birds inhabiting the United States, not given by Wilson. Philadelphia, PA: S. M. Mitchell, Carey, Lea and Carey.

Bougainville, L. A. 1964. Adventure in the Wilderness: the American Journals of Louis Antoine de Bougainville, 1756-1760. Edited by E. P. Hamilton. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press.

Bradley, J. 1819. Travels in the interior of America in the years 1809, 1810, and 1811.

Brereton, John. 1602. A Briefe and True Relation of the Discoverie of the North Part of Virginia.... London: Geor. Bishop.

Brickell, John. 1737. The Natural History of North-Carolina.... Dublin: James Carson.

Brodkorb, Pierce. 1964. Genus Cygnus Bechstein. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum 8 Catalog of Fossil Birds: Part 2 (Anseriformes through Galliformes) 3:209-210.

Brooks, Allen. 1926. The Present Status of the Trumpeter Swan. Condor 28:129.

Brown, H. D. 1976. Cadillac and the Founding of Detroit. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press.

Burgess, H., R. Burgess, and M. Bote. 1999a. Developing Trumpeter Swan Wintering Areas. In Proceedings and Papers of the Sixteenth Trumpeter Swn Society Conference. Maple Plain, MN: The Trumpeter Swan Society.

———. 1999b. Trumpeter Swans Once Wintered on the Lower Mississippi river. Why not Now? In Proceedings and Papers of the Sixteenth Trumpeter Swan Society Conference. Maple Plain, MN: The Trumpeter Swan Society.

Burgess, H. H. 1980. *Trumpeter Swans were common Lewis and Clark birds. The Bluebird 47 (1).

———. 1995. Letter to David W. Johnston.

Burgess, Harold H., and Ruth Burgess. 1994. The Eastern Trumpeter Swan: Historical, Breeding, Migration, and Wintering Ranges. Weslaco, TX.

Burleigh, T. S. 1958. Georgia Birds. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press.

Burton, C. M. 1896. A Sketch of the Life of Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac, Founder of Detroit. Detroit, MI: Wilton Smith.

Butler, A. W. 1890. The Birds of Indiana. Indianapolis, Indiana: Indiana Department of Geological and Nature Research.

———. 1897. 59 (181) Olor buccinator (Rich.) Trumpeter Swan. In The Birds of Indiana: A Descriptive Catalogue of the Birds that have been Observed within the State, with an Account of their Habits, edited by S. G. Blatchley. Indianapolis, IN: Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources.

Cabot, J., and S. Cabot. 1497, 1498. *.

Campbell, L. W. 1940. Birds of Lucas County. Toledo, OH: Toledo Museum of Science.

Carey, C. G. 2000. Mute Swan Control and Trumpeter Swan Experimental Breeding Project in urban central Oregon. North American Swans: Bulletin of The Trumpeter Swan Society 29:115-117.

Carrick, W. H. 1999. Induced Migration Using Ultralite Aircraft. In Proceedings and Papers of the Sixteenth Trumpeter Swan Society Conference: Trumpeter Swans - Restoration in the Heartland, edited by J. R. Balcomb, M. H. Linck and A. L. Price. St. Louis, MO: The Trumpeter Swan Society.

Carroll, D. 1998. News & Views of Wildlife Management: New York State Department of Environmental Conservation.

———. 2000a. Information about swans publications and contacts. Alabama, NY.

———. 2000b. News and Views of Wildlife Management: New York State Department of Environmental Conservation.

Carroll, D., and B. L. Swift. 2000. Status of the Trumpeter Swan in New York State. The Kingbird 50:232-236.

Cartier, J. 1534, 1535. *"Travels in the St. Lawrence Gulf and River".

Carver, Jonathan. 1956. Travels Through the Interior Parts of North America in the Years 1766, 1767, and 1768. Minneapolis, MN: Ross & Haines, Inc. Original edition, London, 1781.

Catesby, Mark. 1731. The Natural History of Carolina, Florida and the Bahama Islands: Containing the Figures of Birds, Beasts, Fishes, Serpents, Insects, and Plants:... London: W. Innys and R. Manby.

Cell, Gillian T., ed. 1982. Newfoundland Discovered: English Attempts at Colonisation, 1610-1630. London: The Hakluyt Society.

Champlain, Sieur de. 1619. Fourth Voyage of Sieur de Champlain, Captain in Ordinary to the King in the Marine, and Lieutenant of Monseigneur le Prince de Conde in New France, Made in the Year 1613. Translated by C. P. Otis. Edited by E. F. Slafter. Vol. 13, Champlain's Voyages. New York, NY: The Prince Society and Burt Franklin in 1882.

———. 1619. Voyage in the Year 1604. In Champlain's Voyages, edited by E. F. Slafter. New York, NY: The Prince Society and Burt Franklin in 1882.

———. 1619. Voyage of Sieur de Champlain to New France Made in the Year 1615. In Champlain's Voyages, edited by E. F. Slafter. New York, NY: The Prince Society and Burt Franklin in 1882.

Chapman, F. M. 1932. 64. Trumpeter Swan. In Handbook of Birds of Eastern North America. New York: D. Appleton and Company. Original edition, 1875.

Charlevoix, Pierre Francois Xavier de. 1761. Journal of a Voyage to North America. 2 vols. Vol. 1. London: R. and J. Dodsley.

Coale, H. K. 1915. The Present Status of the Trumpeter Swan (Olor buccinator). The Auk 32 (1):82-90.

Cobb, J. S., and M. M. Harlan. 1980. Mute Swan (Cgnus olor) Feeding and Territoriality Affects Diversity and Density of Rooted Acquatic Vegetation. American Zoology 20:882.

Cocking, M. 1776. Cumberland House Journal: April 17, 21, 1776. In Cumberland House Journals and Inland Journal 1775-82 First Series 1775-79. London: The Hudson's Bay Record Society.

Cook, A. J. 1894. *The Birds of Michigan. In 32nd Annual Report: State Board of Agriculture.

Cooke, W. W. 1887. *Bird Migration in the Mississippi Valley in 1834 (?) and 1885: USDA Department of Economic Ornithology and Mammology. %B Report No. 2.

———. 1906. Olor buccinator (Rich.) Trumpeter Swan. In Distribution and Migration of North American Ducks, Geese, and Swans: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Biological Survey.

Coues, E. 1879. Coues's Ornithological Bibliography - Anatidae. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 5 (4):932-979.

———. 1893. *History of the Expedition under the command of Lewis and Clark. New York, NY: Dover Publications.

———. 1903. C. buccinator. In Key to North American Birds. Boston, MA: The Page Company.

Cumings, F. 1904-1907. *Sketches of a tour to the western country, through the states of Ohio and Kentucky, a voyage down the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers, and a trip through the Mississippi Territory, and part of West Florida. In Early western travels, 1748-1846; a series of annotated reprints of some of the best and rarest contemporary volumes of travel, descriptive of the aborigines and social and economic conditions in the middle and far West, during the period of early American settlement, edited by R. G. Thwaites. Cleveland, OH: A. H. Clark. Original edition, 1810.

Cummings, C. E. 1939. *The Bird Collection

*Seventy-five Years, A History of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences 1861-1936, edited by R. IC. Buffalo, NY: Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences.

Cutright, P. R. 1969. Fort Mandan to the Yellowstone. In Lewis and Clark: Pioneering Naturalists. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.

Dawson, William Leon. 1903. No. 274 Trumpeter Swan. In The Birds of Ohio. Columbus, OH &I Wheaton Publishing Co.

DeKay, James E. 1826. Anniversary Address on the Program of the Natural Sciences in the United States Delivered Before the Lyceum of Natural History on New York. New York, NY: G. and C. Carvill.

Delacour, J. 1944. *The Fate of the Trumpeter Swan. Aviculture Magazine 9 (6):127-132.

———. 1954. *The Swan. In The Waterfowl of the World. London: Country Life.

deLhut, G. 1680. *.

Dewar, Heather. 2002. Protection of mute swans ordered by federal court: Ruling hinders control of population in Md. Baltimore Sun.

Diereville, Sieur de. 1708. Relation du voyage du Port Royal de l'Acadie

ou de la Nouvelle France (Relation of the Voyage to Port Royal in Acadia or New France). Translated by M. C. Webster. Champlain Society 1933 ed. Vol. 20. Rouen: Jean Baptiste Besonge.

Dolle, R. 1988. Hennepin's story of La Salle in Indiana. Indiana English 12 (1):4-7.

Drewien, R. C., J. T. Herbert, W. Aldrich, and S. H. Bouffard. 1999. *Detecting Trumpeter Swans in Tundra Swan hunts. Wildlife Society Bulletin 27:95-102.

Eaton, E. H. 1910. Olor buccinator (Richardson) Trumpeter Swan. In Birds of New York. Albany, NY: University of the State of New York.

Eccles, W. J. 1964. Canada under Louis XIV, 1663-1701. Toronto, ON: Toronto University Press.

Edson. 1926? *. Condor 26? (January).

Edwards, R. Y. 1951. *. Aviculture Magazine 57:185.

Evelin, Robert. 1648. A Letter from Master Robert Evelin. In A Description of the Province of New Albion. And a Direction for Adventurers with small stock to get two for one, and good land freely: And for Gentlemen, and all Servants, Labourers, and Artificrs to live plentifully. And a former Description re-printed of the healthiest, pleasantest, and richest Plantation of New Albion in North Virginia, proved by thirteen witnesses. TOGETHER WITH A Letter from Master Robert Evelin, that lived there many years, shewing the particularities, and excellency thereof. With a briefe of the charge of victuall, and necessaries, to transport and buy stock for each Planter, of Labourer, there to get his Master 50 l. per Annum, or more in twelve trades, and at 10 l. charges onely a man.

Fenwick, G. H., and G. W. Windgrad. 2001. Public Comment on Maryland Mute Swans: Maryland Department of Natural Resources Mute Swan Task Force.

Fleming, J. H. 1906. Birds of Toronto Part 1 Water Birds (Olor buccinator). The Auk 3 (4):446.

Forbush, E. H. 1925. Cygnus buccinator Richardson Trumpeter Swan. In Birds of Massachusetts and other New England States, Part 1 Water Birds, Marsh Birds and Shore Birds: Massachusetts Department of Agriculture.

Forbush, Edward Howe. 1912. *A History of the Game Birds, Wild Fowl and Shore Birds of Massachusettes and Adjacent States: Massachusetts State Board of Agriculture.

———. 1940. Trumpeter Swan. In Birds of America, edited by T. G. Pearson. New York: Garden City Publishing Company.

Fowler, M. L. 1969. *The Cahokia Site

Explorations into Cahokia archaeology. In L. Fowler. Urbana, IL: Illinois Archaeological Survey.

Gabrielson, Ira, Jeaan Delacour, Ludlow Griscom, H. Lloyd, and Roger T. Peterson. 1955. Report of the Committee on Bird Protection to the AOU, 1955. Auk 73:119-123.

Ganier, Albert F. 1929. Some Unusual Water Bird Visitors to Tennessee. Wilson Bulletin 41:96-100.

Gilbert, B., L. Martin, and H. Savage. 1981. Avian Osteology. Laramie, WY: B Miles Gilbert, Publisher.

Gillette, L., D. Graber, J. Haskins, J. Johnson, M. Kraft, R. Kraft, S. Matteson, H. Nelson, R. Studebaker, and S. Vaa. 1997. Mississippi and Central Flyway Management Plan for the Interior Population of Trumpeter Swans Mississippi and Central Flyway Councils. Twin Cities, MN: USFWS, Migratory Bird Coordinator.

Gillette, L. N. 1988. The Impact of Nesting Trumpeter Swans on other Species of Waterfowl. In Proceedings and Papers of the Eleventh Trumpeter Swan Society Conference, edited by D. Compton. Maple Plain, MN: The Trumpeter Swan Society.

———. 2000. What needs to be done to compete the restoration of the interior population of Trumpeter Swans. North American Swans: Bulletin of The Trumpeter Swan Society 29 (1):35-37.

Gillette, Laurence N., and Ruth Shea. 1995. An Evaluation of Trumpeter Swan Management Today and a Vision for the Future. In Transactions of the 60th North American Wildlife and Natural Resource Conference.

Godfrey, W. E. 1986. Trumpeter Swan. In The Birds of Canada. Ottawa, Canada: National Museums of Canada.

Goodrich, C. 1940. The First Michigan Frontier. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.

Goslin, R. M. 1943. *Animal Remains from the Fairport Village site. Ohio State Archeological and Historical Quarterly 52:45-51.

———. 1955. Animal Remains from Ohio Rock Shelters. Ohio Journal of Science 55 (6):358-362.

Goss, N. S. 1891. History of the Birds of Kansas. Topeka, Kansas: G W Crane & Co.

Gosse, Philip Henry. 1859. Letters from Alabama (U.S.) Chiefly Relating to Natural History. London: Morgan and Chase.

Granlund, J., G. McPeek, R. Adams, P. Chu, J. Reinoehl, C. Nelson, R. Shinkel, M. Kielb, S. Allen, and A. Trautman. 1994. The Birds of Michigan. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.

Guilday, J. E. 1971. Biological and Archaeological analysis of bones from a 17th century Indian village (46 PU 31) Putnam County, West Virginia. In West Virginia Geological and Economic Survey Report of Archaeology.

Hall, G A. 1983. West Virginia Birds: Distribution and Ecology. Pittsburgh, PA: Carnegie Museum of Natural History.

Hammond, C. T. 1961. Exploration of the United States and Adjacent Territories. In Hammond's Advanced Reference Atlas. Maplewood, NJ: C. S. Hammond & Company, Inc.

Hamor, Raphe. 1615. A True Discourse of the Present Estate of Virginia, and the Success of the Affaires There till the 18 of June, 1614. London: William Welby.

Hansen, H. A., and others. 1971. Trumpeter Swan, Wildlife Monograph No. 26.

Hansom, J., and W. Tomison. 1779. Cumberland House Journal: April 1, 6, 19, 21, 23, May 1, 1779. In Cumberland House Journals and Inland Journal 1775-82 First Series 1775-79. London: The Hudson's Bay Record Society.

Hariot, Thomas. 1588. A Briefe and True Report of the Newfound Land of Virginia.... London.

Hartwig, W. L. 1989. *Trumpeter Swan Policy U S Fish and Wildlife Service.

Hearne, S. 1795. A Journey from Prince of Wales's Fort in Hudson's Bay to the Northern Ocean. London: A. Strahan and T. Cadell.

Hearne, S., and P. Tumor. 1934. Journals of Samuel Hearne and Philip Tumor. Edited by J. B. Tryell. Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press.

Heckewelder, J. 1819. An Account of the History, Manners, and Customs of the Indian Nations who Once Inhabited Pennsylvania and the Neighboring States. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 1 (1).

Hennepin, Father L. 1903. A New Discovery of a Vast Country in America by Father Louis Hennepin. Edited by R. G. Thwaites. Chicago, IL: A. C. McClurg & Co.

Hennepin, L. 1697. Nouvelle decouverte d'un trés grand pays situé dans l'Amérique entre le Nouveau Mexique et la mer Glaciale. Paris.

Henninger, W. F. 1919. An Overlooked Record of the Trumpeter Swan. The Auk 36:564.

Hildreth, S. P. 1842. *History of an Early Voyage on the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers, with Historical Sketches of the Different Points along them, etc. American Pioneer 2:89-105, 128-145.

Hilton, William. 1663. William Hilton's Relation. In Narratives of Early Carolina, edited by A. S. Salley. New York: Scribner's.

Hoffman, Robert s., Ralph L. Hand, and Philip Wright. 1959. Recent Breeding Bird Records for Western Montana. Condor 61:147-151.

Hornaday, W. T. 1913. *Our vanishing wildlife, its extermination and preservation. New York, NY: The New York Zoological Society.

Houston, C. S., M. I. Houston, and H. M. Reeves. 1997. The 19th Century Trade in Swan Skins and Quills. Blue Jay 55 (1):24-34.

Howard, H. 1964. Fossil Anseriformes. In Waterfowl of the World, edited by J. Delacour. London: Country Life Ltd.

Hudson, G., and W. Tomison. 1781-1782. Cumberland House Journal: November 13, 16, 1781, April 12, 29, May 4, 8, 1782. In Cumberland House Journals and Inland Journals 1775-82 Second Series 1779-82. London: Hudson's Bay Record Society.

Hulbert, A. B., and W. W. Schwarze. 1910. David Zeisberger's History of the North American Indians. Ohio State Archeological and Historical Quarterly 19:1-173.

Isham, J. 1743. Observations on Hudsons Bay James Isham's Observations on Hudsons Bay, 1743 and Notes and observations on a Book Entitled A Voyage to Hudsons Bay in the Dobbs Galley, 1749: The Champlain Society for The Hudson's Bay Record Society.

James, E. 1904-1907. *Account of an expedition from Pittsburgh to the Rocky Mountains, performed in the years 1819 and 1820. In Early western travels, 1748-1846; a series of annotated reprints of some of the best and rarest contemporary volumes of travel, descriptive of the aborigines and social and economic conditions in the middle and far West, during the period of early American settlement. Cleveland, OH: A. H. Clark. Original edition, 1823.

James, R. D. 1991. Annotated Checklist of the Birds of Ontario. Toronto, Canada: Royal Ontario Museum.

Jehl, Joseph R. 1966. Fossil Birds from the Sand Draw Fauna (Aftonian) of Brown County, Nebraska. The Auk 83:669-670.

———. 1967. Pleistocene Birds from Fossil Lake, Oregon. Condor 69:24-27.

Johns, J. E., and C. W. Ericson. 1970. Breeding of Free-living Trumpeter Swans in Northwestern Washington. Condor 72:377-378.

Johnsgard, Paul A. 1978. The Triumphant Trumpeter. Natural History 87 (9):72-77.

Johnson, J. W. C. 2000. Interior Populations of Trumpeter Swans: Status, Trends, Management and Research Priorities. North American Swans: Bulletin of The Trumpeter Swan Society 20 (1):16-23.

Johnston, David W. 1996. Historical Records of the Trumpeter Swan in Virginia. Banisteria 7:8-10.

Jones, L. 1903. The Birds of Ohio: A Revised Catalogue: Ohio State Academy of Science.

———. 1905. Additional Records of Ohio birds. Ohio Naturalist 4 (5):112.

———. 1909-1910. The Birds of Cedar Point and Vicinity. Wilson Bulletin 21, 22:174-175, 25-115.

Josselyn, John. 1672. New-Englands Rarities Discovered.

———. 1674. Two Voyages to New England. London.

Juet, Robert. 1625. The Third Voyage of Master Henrie Hudson toward Nova Zembla, and at his returne, his passing from Farre Ilands, to New-found Land, and along to fortie foure degrees and ten minutes, and thence to Cape Cod, and so to thirtie three degrees; and along the Coast to the Northward, to fortie two degrees and a half, and up the River neere to fortie three degrees. In Hakluytus Posthumus, or Purchas His Pilgrimes, edited by R. Hakluyt. London: Purchas, Samuel.

Kaufman, K. 1999. Bad Ideas in Species Management: Big Ducks in Small Ponds. Field Notes 51 (5):962-963.

Keating, W. H. 1825. Narrative of an Expedition to the Sources of the St Peter's River. London: G B Whittaker.

Kemsies, E., and W. Randle. 1953. The Birds of Southwestern Ohio. Ann Arbor, MI: Edwards Brothers, Inc.

Kent, T. H., and J. J. Dinsmore. 1996. Birds in Iowa. Iowa City, Iowa.

Ker, H. 1816. *Travels through the western interior of the United States from the year 1808 up to the year 1816. Elizabethtown, NJ: H. Ker.

Kirtland, J. P. 1838. Report on the Zoology of Ohio: Geologic Survey of the State of Ohio.

Kortright, Francis H. 1942. The Ducks Geese and Swans of North America. Harrisburg, PA: The Stackpole Company.

Lahontan, Baron de. 1703. New Voyages to North-America. 2 vols. Vol. 1. England. Original edition, England.

LaSalle. 1681-1682. *.

Lawson, John. 1709. A New Voyage to Carolina. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press.

———. 1714. Lawson's History of North Carolina Containing the Exact Description and Natural History of that Country, Together with the Present State Thereof and a Journal of a Thousand Miles Traveled Through Several Nations of Indians, Giving a Particular Account of Their Customs, Manners, etc., etc. reprint by Garrett and Massie, Richmond, VA, 1951 ed. London: W. Taylor and F. Baker.

Lescarbot, Marc. 1609. Nova Francia: Or the Description of That Part of New France, which is one continent with Virginia. Described in the three late Voyages and plantation made by Monsieur de Monts, Monsieur du Pont-Graue, and Monsieur.

Levermore, C. H., ed. 1912. Forerunners and Competitors of the Pilgrims and Puritans. 2 vols. New York, NY: New England Society.

Levine, Emanuel, ed. 1998. Bull's Birds of New York State. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

Lewis, M., and W. Clark. The Journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Edited by G. E. Moulton. 1983 ed. Lincoln, NB: University of Nebraska Press.

Limpert, R. J., and S. L. Earnst. 1994. Tundra Swan, No. 89. In The Birds of North America, edited by A. Poole and F. Gill. Philadelphia, PA: The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.

Long, Say, Keating, and Calhoun. 1825. *Narrative of an Expedition to the Source of St Peter's River, Lake Winnepeek, Lake of the Woods, etc. Performed in the Year 1823, by Order of the Hon J. C. Calhoun, Secretary of War, Under the Command of Stephen H. Long USTE Compiled from the Notes of Major Long, Messrs Say, Keating & Calhoun. Edited by W. H. Keating. London.

Long, B. 1992. Stud Book, DNA testing of Trumpeter Swans. The Trumpeter Swan Society Newsletter 23 (2):18.

Longmoor, R. 1779. Inland Journal: April 18, 1779. In Cumberland House Journals and Inland Journal 1775-82 First Series 1775-79. London: The Hudson's Bay Record Society.

Longmoor, R., and J. Elphinstone. 1781. Hudson House Journal: April 6th, Friday, 1781. In Cumberland House Journals and Inland Journals 1775-82 Second Series 1779-82. London: The Hudson's Bay Record Society.

Lowery, G. H. 1974. Louisiana Birds. Baton Rouge, Louisana: Louisiana State University Press.

Luebbert, J. 2000. The Science of Migration and Navigation: Considerations for Trumpeter Swan (Cygnus buccinator) Translocations. North American Swans: Bulletin of The Trumpeter Swan Society 29 (1):166-171.

Lumsden, H. G. 1984. The Pre-settlement Breeding Distribution of Trumpeter, Cygnus buccinator, and Tundra Swans, C. columbianus, in Eastern Canada. The Canadian Field Naturalist 98 (4):415-424.

———. 1991. The Trumpeter Swan - Mute Swan Project.

———. 1992. Ontario Trumpeter Swan Restoration Program - 1992. The Trumpeter Swan Society Newsletter 21 (2):9-10.

———. 1992. Trumpeter Swans Once Bred on the Atlantic Coast. The Trumpeter Swan Society Newsletter 21 (2):8.

———. 1997. *History of Trumpeter Swans in Ontario, edited by W. A. Rapley, E. Christens and T. P. Birt. Scarborough, ON: Canada Metro Toronto Zoo.

———. 1998. Ontario Trumpeter Swan Program 1998. North American Swans: Bulletin of The Trumpeter Swan Society 27 (1):10.

———. 1999. Some Thoughts on the Trumpeter Swan Plan for the Atlantic Flyway. North American Swans: Bulletin of The Trumpeter Swan Society 29 (1):9.

———. 1999. Trumpeter Swan Restoration in Ontario 1998. North American Swans: Bulletin of The Trumpeter Swan Society 28 (1):22-23.

———. 1999. The Trumpeter Swan restoration program in Ontario - 1999. North American Swans: Bulletin of The Trumpeter Swan Society 29 (1):11-15.

———. 2000. Induced Migration - Its origins and history. North American Swans: Bulletin of The Trumpeter Swan Society 29 (1):158-162.

———. 2001. Trumpeter Swans in Ontario, Spring 2001 Update. Trumpetings 11 (2):2.

MacFarlane, R. 1905. Notes on mammals collected and observed in the northern Mackenzie River district, Northwest Territories of Canada. In Proceedings of the U S National Museum.

MacFarlane, R. R. 1891. *Notes on and List of Birds and Eggs Collected in Arctic America, 1861-1866. Washington, DC: Proceedings of the United States National Museum.

MacKay, B. K., and D. M. Jones. 2001. Public Comment on Maryland Mute Swans: Maryland Department of Natural Resources Mute Swan Task Force.

Macoun, J. 1900. Catalogue of Canadian Birds. Ottawa, ON: Geological Survey of Canada.

Mahr, A. C. 1949. A chapter of early Ohio Natural History. Ohio Journal of Science 49:45-69.

Margry, P., ed. 1887. Découvertes et établissements des Français dans l'ouest et dans le sud de l"Amerique septentrionale: 1614-1754: mémoires et documents originaux 5, Première formation d'une châine de postes entre le fleuve Saint-Laurent et le golfe du Mexique: 1683-1724. Edited by P. Margry. Paris: P Jouaust.

Marquette, F. J. 1673. *.

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