Treatable Causes of Urinary Incontinence
"DIAPPERS" Mnemonic
- D elirium
- I nfection--urinary (symptomatic)
- A trophic urethritis and vaginitis
- P harmaceuticals
- P sychologic disorders, especially
depression
- E xcessive urine output (eg, from heart
failure or hyperglycemia)
- R estricted mobility
- S tool impaction
(from Resnick, NM: "Urinary incontinence in the elderly."
Medical Grand Rounds 3:281-290, 1984.)
(formatted for WWW by Robert S. Stall, M.D.)